An optimal network constraint-based joint expansion planning model for modern distribution networks with multi-types intermittent RERs

Currently, distribution systems are continuously evolving towards modern and flexible structures while integrating promising renewable energy resources (RERs). In this regard, an optimal network constraint-based expansion planning model combined with integration framework of intermittent RERs is proposed in work to improve the topological flexibility networks (DNs). Specifically, best investment locations times substations, lines, RER-based distributed generations (DGs) jointly taken into consideration. Additionally, uncertainty-based multiple scenarios modeled by probability functions strengthen robustness reliability DNs influenced stochastic load behavior. The novel constraint three levels, where first level introduces graph theory guarantee radiality topology DNs. second constraint, fictitious collaboratively applied ensure that each subsystem has a reserve connection interconnected other subsystems. third modifying conventional linked at least one DG. driven minimum present value total cost, including cost branches, DGs, substations operation, electricity purchasing power losses environmental penalty generators. Numerical results presented verify more resilient DN system obtained, criteria evaluation introduced validate its higher performance respect existing procedures from supplied quality, burden, aspects.